数据中心液冷技术应用研究进展
Review on liquid cooling technologies applied to data centers
摘要：
液冷技术可提高散热密度、节能减排、降低数据中心的碳足迹，开展数据中心液冷技术的应用研究具有积极的科学意义。详细介绍了应用于数据中心的不同液冷技术及其冷却液。从冷却温度、节能效率、热回收性能3个方面对近年来国内外数据中心液冷技术的应用研究进展进行了综述，结果表明液冷技术冷却温度高，节能效果明显，具有优秀的热回收性能。指出合理分配使用侧及冷源侧的温差，提高部分负载下液冷系统的节能性，探索冷却温度、节能效率及热回收性能三者之间的最佳耦合关系是数据中心液冷技术的应用研究方向。认为数据中心液冷技术的应用仍需持续实践及深入探索。
Abstract：
The liquid cooling technology can improve the heat dissipation density, save energy and reduce the carbon footprint of the data center. It has positive scientific significance to carry out application researches of the liquid cooling technology in data centers. This paper presents different liquid cooling technologies and their coolants applied to data centers in detail. The research progress of liquid cooling technologies in data centers at home and abroad in recent years is reviewed from three aspects of the cooling temperature, the energy saving efficiency and the heat recovery performance. The results show that the liquid cooling technologies have high cooling temperature, obvious energy saving effect and excellent heat recovery performance. It is pointed out that finding out the reasonable distribution of temperature difference between the user side and the cold source side, improving the energy saving efficiency of the liquid cooling system under partial load, and exploring the best coupling relationship among the cooling temperature, the energy saving efficiency and the heat recovery performance will be the application research directions of liquid cooling technologies in data centers. The application of the liquid cooling technologies in data centers still needs continuous practice and in-depth exploration.
Keywords:data center; liquid cooling technology; coolant; cooling temperature; energy saving efficiency; heat recovery performance; research progress