办公环境下计算机散热特性及其功热转换监测模型辨识研究
Heat dissipation characteristics and power-heat conversion monitoring model identification of computers in office environment
摘要：
电子设备已广泛用于人们的日常办公生活中，其实时冷负荷对室内热环境及暖通空调系统的影响不可忽视。采用理论与试验相结合的研究方法，对计算机等电子设备的散热特性进行了分析，提出了设备总散热量、对流散热量和辐射散热量与输入功率之间的功热转换监测模型。该模型可用于建筑能耗监测平台中，以插座用电量实时监测数据为输入量，即可得出建筑内部各类电子设备的总散热量、对流散热量和辐射散热量的实时数据，进而得出其实时冷负荷。为验证模型的准确度，采用不同工作工况及不同计算机型号进行了试验验证。结果表明，该功热转换监测模型的平均绝对百分比误差不超过5.25%，均方根误差不超过0.074，变异系数不超过0.085，模型准确性较好。
Abstract：
Electronic equipment has been widely used and the influence of its real-time cooling load on the indoor thermal environment and HVAC system cannot be ignored. Using the combination method of analytical and experimental researches, analyses the heat dissipation characteristics of electronic equipment, and develops the monitoring models of power-heat conversion between the input power and the total heat dissipation, convective heat dissipation and radiative heat dissipation from computers. The models can be used in the Internet of Building Energy Systems (iBES). Taking the real-time monitoring data of socket power consumption as the input, the real-time data of total heat dissipation, convective heat dissipation and radiative heat dissipation from various electronic equipment in the building can be obtained, and then the real-time cooling load can be acquired. Different types of computers and operating conditions are adopted in verification, and the results show that the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the coefficient of variation (CV) are no more than 5.25%, 0.074 and 0.085, respectively, indicating high accuracy.
Keywords:electronicequipment,heatdissipationcharacteristic,power-heatconversionmonitoringmodel,energyconsumptionmonitoring,experiment