冬季外窗和外墙冷辐射的热舒适限值
Comfort limit for cold radiation from cold walls and windows in winter
摘要：
严寒和寒冷地区冬季建筑外墙和外窗的内表面温度较低，形成的冷辐射会引起人体局部热不舒适。为了研究冷壁面温度引起热不舒适的限值，基于人工气候室的实验研究数据，研究了冷辐射最不利工况下的人体热反应。结果表明：小腿对外墙和外窗冷辐射最敏感，建立了最不利工况下人体全身热感觉和局部热感觉的相关性模型；当室内空气温度为19 ℃，且受试者距离外墙和外窗1 m时，20名受试者的平均热感觉投票值为-0.82，即为20%不满意率的下限值；该最不利工况下外墙和外窗内表面温度与室内空气温度之差的限值为2.6 ℃。
Abstract：
Local human thermal discomfort may exist because of cold radiation from a cold surface, such as a cold external wall or window with lower inner surface temperature in severe cold and cold zones in winter. In order to study the limit of cold surface temperature causing discomfort, analyses the human thermal responses under the most unfavorable cold radiant condition based on the experimental data of an artificial climate chamber. The results show that the calf of subjects is the most sensitive part to cold radiation of external walls and windows. Establishes a correlation model of the overall and local thermal sensations of the human body under the most unfavorable conditions. When the indoor air temperature is 19 ℃ and the subjects are 1 m away from an external wall and an external window, the average thermal sensation vote of 20 subjects is -0.82, which is the lower limit of 20% of dissatisfied percentage. The limit of the difference is 2.6 ℃ between the indoor air temperature and the inner surface temperature of the external wall and the external window under this condition.
Keywords:cold radiation, limit of cold surface temperature, local thermal sensation, dissatisfied percentage, building thermal design