零能耗光伏并网建筑的奖惩机制建立和应用研究
Establishment and application of reward-penalty mechanism for zero-energy photovoltaic grid-connected buildings
摘要：
在零能耗建筑的发展过程中，可再生能源系统的投资成本是建筑用户最为关心的重要因素之一。针对单个建筑建立了奖惩机制，以推动建筑实现年度零能耗目标，同时保证可再生能源系统集成度高的建筑可以获得更好的经济效益。通过3个方案分析了建筑用户的收益，并对奖惩机制的应用有效性进行了验证。结果表明，零能耗等级越低的建筑总成本反而越高，选择更高零能耗等级的建筑用户可以获得可观的奖金。通过案例分析发现，提出的奖惩函数适用于能耗等级BEC为0.8~1.8的建筑，其误差指标均低于6%。
Abstract：
In the development of zero-energy buildings, the investment cost of renewable energy system is one of the most important factors concerned by building users. Establishes a reward-penalty mechanism for an individual building to promote the building to achieve the annual zero-energy consumption target, while ensuring that the buildings with high integration of renewable energy systems can obtain better economic benefits. Analyses the benefits of building users through three schemes and verifies the application effectiveness of the reward-penalty mechanism. The results show that the lower the level of zero-energy consumption, the higher the total cost of construction. The building users who choose a higher level of zero-energy consumption can get considerable bonuses. Through case analysis, finds that the proposed reward-penalty function is suitable for the buildings with energy consumption level between 0.8 to 1.8, and the error indexes are all less than 6%.
Keywords:zero-energy building, renewable energy, reward-penalty mechanism, error index, Monte Carlo simulation, photovoltaic power generation, grid-connection