机场航站楼通风空调末端系统的设计及运行现状
Design and operation status of ventilation and air conditioning terminal systems in airport terminals
摘要：
对全国21座航站楼的负荷统计显示，航站楼空调负荷很大程度上取决于其规模定位、设计时采用的标准及空调系统是否合理等主观因素，气候、能源特点等客观因素影响不明显。通过对8座航站楼的实地调研测试发现，航站楼冬季末端形式的选择与气候有显著关系，供冷空调末端系统形式趋同，但其排布对大空间内的气流组织有很大影响。空调末端系统的实际运行情况与设计工况存在较大差异，主要原因是航站楼客运吞吐量大于设计值、末端系统与能源系统不匹配、设计参数不尽合理、实际运行策略改变与自控精度有限等。
Abstract：
According to the load statistics of 21 terminal buildings in China, the air conditioning load of terminals largely depends on the subjective factors such as the scale positioning, the standards adopted in the design and the rationality of the air conditioning system, while the objective factors such as climate and energy characteristics have no obvious influence. Through the field investigation and test of eight terminals, finds that the terminal form selection in winter has a significant relationship with the climate, and the form of cooling air conditioning terminal systems tends to be the same, but its layout has a great impact on the air distribution in large space. There is a big difference between the actual operation condition and the design condition of the air conditioning terminal system. The main reasons are that the passenger throughput of the terminal is larger than the design value, the terminal system does not match the energy system, the design parameters are not reasonable, the actual operation strategy is changed and the automatic control accuracy is limited.
Keywords:terminal,airconditioningterminal,designload,airdistribution,verticaltemperaturedifference,largespace,infiltrationwind,solarradiation